Nirmatrelvir ke inhibitor ea SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), eo hape e bitsoang 3C-like protease (3CLpro) kapa nsp5 protease. Thibelo ea SARS-CoV-2 Mpro e etsa hore e se khone ho sebetsana le li-precursors tsa polyprotein, ho thibela ho ikatisa ha vaerase.

Nirmatrelvir e thibetse ts'ebetso ea recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Mpro tekong ea biochemical ea likhakanyo tse ka fihlellehang ka vivo. Nirmatrelvir e ile ea fumanoa e tlama ka kotloloho sebakeng se sebetsang sa SARS-CoV-2 Mpro ka X-ray crystallography.

Ritonavir ke HIV-1 protease inhibitor empa ha e sebetse khahlano le SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Ritonavir e thibela CYP3A-mediated metabolism ea nirmatrelvir, e leng se bakang keketseho ea plasma ea nirmatrelvir.

Setlhare sena se khothaletsoa. E fanoe ka tumello ea ts'ebeliso ea tšohanyetso ke FDA bakeng sa kalafo ea lefu la coronavirus le bobebe ho isa ho le leka-lekaneng (COVID-19) ho batho ba baholo le bakuli ba bana (ba lilemo li 12 ho ea holimo ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 40 kapa liponto tse 88) liphetho tse ntle tsa tlhahlobo e tobileng ea SARS-CoV-2, le ba kotsing e kholo ea ho fetela ho COVID-19 e matla, ho kenyeletsoa ho kena sepetlele kapa lefu. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir e lokela ho qalisoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang ka mor'a tlhahlobo ea COVID-19 le nakong ea matsatsi a mahlano ho tloha ha matšoao a qala.

Litlhahiso li thehiloe ho EPIC-HR, teko ea Phase2/3 ea taolo ea kliniki e sa reroang e hlahlobang katleho ea nirmaltrelivir/ritonavir vs. batho ba kotsing ea ho fetela ho lefu le matla ba fokotsa menyetla ea ho kena sepetlele kapa lefu ka matsatsi a 28 ka ho 88%.